Catalog Systems Foundation models (substrate reference) Anthropic Claude (foundation models)

Anthropic Claude (foundation models)

https://www.anthropic.com/claude

Claude family of frontier foundation models — Sonnet 4 (workhorse), Opus 4.5 (frontier capability), Haiku 4.5 (fast/cheap). Frontier model used as substrate by Claude Code, Anthropic Memory tool, Cline, Aider, Continue.dev, Cursor, Goose, and dozens of other catalog entries. Memory in Claude is parametric (in weights) — discrete episodic memory lives outside the model in the Claude Memory tool (see Platform-provider memory section).

At a glance

Type
Frontier foundation model family (Sonnet 4 / Opus 4.5 / Haiku 4.5)
Tier
T1
Section
Foundation models (substrate reference)
Created
2023-03 (Claude 1); 2024-06 (Claude 3 Opus/Sonnet/Haiku); 2024-10 (Claude 3.5 Sonnet); 2025-02 (3.7 Sonnet); 2025-05 (Claude 4 Sonnet/Opus); 2025-09 (Sonnet 4.5); 2025-11 (Opus 4.5 + Haiku 4.5)
Latest release
Opus 4.5 + Haiku 4.5 (2025-11)
License
not applicable — not OSS
GitHub
not applicable — no GitHub repo
Pricing
Pay-per-token API (Opus 4.5 $5/$25 per 1M; Sonnet 4.5 $3/$15; Haiku 4.5 $0.80/$4); Claude.ai Free + Pro ($20/mo) + Team + Enterprise
Funding
$23B+ total raised; $183B+ valuation (Series F-G 2025-26); Amazon $8B + Google $2B strategic investments

Taxonomy

storage
parametric
retrieval
parametric-recall
persistence
parametric-permanent
update
read-only
unit
weight
governance
opaque
conflict
n/a

When to use

Optimised for: reasoning, code, agentic tool-use, long-form writing, safety/alignment

Anti-fit: not for image generation; not for audio synthesis (text-output only); high cost at Opus tier; 200k context smaller than Gemini 3 (10M)

Pros & cons

Pros

Frontier coding capability (Opus 4.5); strong safety profile via Constitutional AI; native computer-use + tool-use; broad SDK coverage; AWS Bedrock + GCP Vertex distribution.

Cons

200k context smaller than Gemini 3's 10M; Opus pricing at premium tier; no open-weights option; no image / audio output; rate-limited at API tier without enterprise contract.

Claims & capabilities

Opus 4.5 leads coding (SWE-bench Verified ~80%); Sonnet 4.5 best price/perf; 200k context (1M for Sonnet via beta); native tool-use, computer-use, extended thinking; trained on Constitutional AI

Technical surface

API surface
REST + SDK (Python, TS, Java, Go, Ruby); also via AWS Bedrock + GCP Vertex AI APIs
Backend storage
not applicable — substrate foundation model
Deployment
Managed-only (Anthropic API + AWS Bedrock + GCP Vertex)
Embedding model
not applicable — not a memory product
Multi-tenancy
not applicable — substrate foundation model
MCP
not applicable — substrate foundation model
A2A
not applicable — substrate foundation model
OpenTelemetry
not applicable — substrate foundation model

Compare Anthropic Claude (foundation models) with…

Similar systems

Other foundation models (substrate reference) in the catalog, ranked by inbound references.

  • OpenAI GPT family (GPT-5 / GPT-4o / o3 / o4) T1

    OpenAI's foundation model family — GPT-5 (2025-08 flagship), GPT-4o (multimodal workhorse), o3/o4 reasoning series. Substrate for ChatGPT, the OpenAI API, Microsoft Copilot, Azure OpenAI, and many downstream agents in this catalog (Devin, Codex CLI, Operator, Cursor mode). Parametric memory in weights; discrete user memory ships in ChatGPT Memory feature (separate row).

  • Google Gemini 3 family T1

    Google DeepMind's Gemini 3 frontier model family — Gemini 3 Pro (top tier), 3 Flash (fast), 3 Nano (on-device). Substrate for Google Workspace AI, Vertex AI Agent Platform, Gemini Code Assist, Project Mariner, and Project Astra. Multimodal-native; 1M-10M context window. Largest context window of any frontier model. Used by Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform Memory Bank (separate row).

  • Mistral Large 2 / Mixtral family T1

    French frontier-model lab (Paris). Family includes Mistral Large 2 (123B dense, Jul-2024), Mixtral 8x22B (open-weights MoE), Mistral Small 3 (24B, open-weights Jan-2025), Codestral (code specialist). EU-headquartered alternative to US/China model labs; GDPR-friendly data residency. Distinct from the Mistral Le Chat memory feature (already in catalog) — this row covers the model family itself as substrate.

  • Meta Llama 4 family T1

    Meta's Llama 4 family (released 2025-04) — Scout (109B MoE, 17B active), Maverick (400B MoE, 17B active), Behemoth (2T MoE, 288B active; preview). First Llama generation to use mixture-of-experts and to be multimodal-native. Substrate for many OSS agents (Open-Interpreter, Ollama-served local agents, vLLM-served enterprise inference). Llama community license (commercial use permitted under 700M MAU threshold).

  • xAI Grok 4 T1

    Elon Musk's xAI frontier model — Grok 4 launched 2025-07. Trained on Colossus (100k+ GPU supercluster in Memphis). Deeply integrated with X/Twitter (real-time tweet data access). Grok 4 Heavy variant for premium tier. No frontier-tier open-weights — Grok 1 (314B MoE) is the only weight release.

  • 01.AI Yi family T2

    Kai-Fu Lee's 01.AI (founded 2023, Beijing). Yi family open-weights — Yi-34B (2023), Yi-Large (proprietary 2024), Yi-Lightning (2024-10, frontier-tier, matched GPT-4o on LMSYS chatbot arena). Apache 2.0 (Yi-34B and base sizes). Important second Chinese open-weights option alongside DeepSeek + Qwen.

Related systems

Referenced by (62)

  • Adept ACT depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Amazon AGI (parent post-acquisition); spiritual predecessor to Anthropic Computer Use + OpenAI Operator + Project Mariner
  • Anthropic Auto Dream depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code v2.1.59+; local filesystem; no external store
  • Anthropic Claude Memory depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: self-contained Claude consumer product
  • Anthropic Computer Use depends on at runtime — d OS-agent products built on Claude.
  • Anthropic Computer Use depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic API; Docker / E2B for safe sandboxing
  • Anthropic Managed Agents — Memory depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude API + managed filesystem
  • Backboard depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: BYO LLM (OpenAI/Anthropic/Gemini/Ollama keys)
  • Bolt.new (StackBlitz) — harness depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: StackBlitz WebContainer; Anthropic Claude
  • Browser Use depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Playwright; Anthropic / OpenAI / Gemini APIs; Browserbase / Hyperbrowser substrates
  • claude-brain depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Claude Code (Anthropic) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic API; MCP server ecosystem
  • Claude Code auto-memory depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Claude-CursorMemoryMCP depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Claude for Chrome depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Chrome; Anthropic Computer Use API; Claude Memory
  • CLAUDE.md depends on at runtime — backend-storage cell: file (CLAUDE.md)
  • claude-mem depends on at runtime — -token observations via Claude's agent SDK. SQLite + FTS5 with optional Chroma vector. "En
  • claude-supermemory depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Cline (framework) depends on at runtime — + edit operations; uses Anthropic Computer Use style flow.
  • codebase-memory-mcp (DeusData) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: self-contained binary + SQLite WAL; MCP client (Claude Code/Codex CLI/etc.); no LLM lock-in
  • Cognee MCP depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Cognition Devin v2 / Spec Mode depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: absorbed Windsurf IP (Aug 2025); Anthropic + OpenAI models
  • Cursor (IDE) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic Claude + OpenAI GPT + own Cursor-Tab model
  • e2b depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Firecracker (substrate); Anthropic Claude Code; Perplexity; Hugging Face Spaces; competes with Modal Sandboxes / Daytona
  • engram depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • GitHub Copilot (Agent Mode) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Azure OpenAI + Anthropic Claude + Google Gemini (multi-model 2024+)
  • GitHub Copilot Workspace depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Azure OpenAI + Anthropic Claude (GitHub-hosted models)
  • Graphiti MCP Server (Zep) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Highlight AI depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic / OpenAI APIs; local Llama option
  • Hindsight MCP depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Hume EVI depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Twilio (telephony); Anthropic / OpenAI LLMs (or Hume's eLLM)
  • JetBrains AI Assistant depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: JetBrains Cloud (OpenAI + Anthropic + Google)
  • Kiro depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: AWS Bedrock (model routing); Anthropic Claude + Amazon Nova
  • Letta / MemGPT depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: BYO LLM (OpenAI/Anthropic/local); bundled storage (Postgres/SQLite)
  • LiveKit Agents depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: OpenAI Realtime; Anthropic; Deepgram / Cartesia / Eleven STT-TTS; Twilio (for PSTN)
  • local-memory-mcp depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Lovable.dev — harness depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Supabase (default DB); Anthropic Claude + OpenAI
  • Lutra AI depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: OAuth providers; Anthropic / OpenAI; Google Workspace
  • Magnitude depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Playwright; Anthropic / OpenAI APIs
  • Manus AI depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic Claude (reported) + OpenAI
  • mcp-knowledge-graph depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • mcp-memory (Puliczek) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • mcp-memory-service (doobidoo) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Mem0 MCP (official) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • MetaGPT (harness) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: OpenAI + Anthropic + Azure OpenAI
  • MultiOn depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Playwright; Chromium-headless infrastructure; computer-use models (Claude / GPT-5 / Gemini)
  • Official MCP Memory server depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • OpenHands (All Hands AI) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Docker; Anthropic + OpenAI APIs
  • OpenMemory MCP depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Phidata / Agno depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: HuggingFace Transformers; OpenAI / Anthropic / Gemini SDKs; YC W22 alumni network
  • Pipecat (Daily) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Daily WebRTC; OpenAI Realtime; Anthropic; Deepgram + Cartesia STT/TTS
  • Pydantic-AI MemoryTool depends on at runtime — Memory exposed via Anthropic SDK's BetaAbstractMemoryTool when Anthropic provider is active.
  • Replit Agent v3 depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Replit Nix-based runtimes; Anthropic Claude (primary)
  • Retell AI depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Twilio SIP; in-house STT/TTS; Anthropic / OpenAI LLMs
  • Skyvern depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Playwright; Postgres; Anthropic/OpenAI/Gemini APIs
  • Sourcegraph Cody (agent) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Sourcegraph search graph; OpenAI + Anthropic + Google APIs
  • Superpowers episodic-memory plugin depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: requires Claude Code or MCP client; BYO storage
  • Synthflow depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Twilio; Deepgram; ElevenLabs; OpenAI / Anthropic
  • v0 (Vercel) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Vercel deploy; Anthropic + OpenAI + Vercel-trained models
  • Vapi depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Twilio / Vonage SIP; Deepgram + Cartesia + Eleven STT/TTS; Anthropic / OpenAI LLMs
  • Vonage AI Studio depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Vonage CPaaS; Ericsson telco infra; OpenAI / Anthropic / Google Cloud
  • Windsurf (Codeium / OpenAI) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic Claude + OpenAI + Codeium-own models
  • Zed (Agentic Editing) depends on at runtime — adjacent-infrastructure cell: Anthropic Claude + OpenAI + local models (Ollama)

Row last verified 2026-05-14. Catalog data is CC-BY-4.0 — see how to read this.